What is a brute-force attack?

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Firewalls are like the security guards of a network—they monitor and control incoming and outgoing traffic based on predefined security rules. Their main job is to protect your network from unauthorized access, cyberattacks, and data breaches.

VPN stands for Virtual Private Network. It is a technology that allows users to create a secure and encrypted connection over a less secure network, typically the internet. VPNs are commonly used to protect sensitive data, maintain online privacy, and access content that may be restricted based on geographic location.

A brute-force attack is a method used by attackers to gain unauthorized access to a system, account, or encrypted data by systematically trying all possible combinations of passwords, encryption keys, or credentials until the correct one is found.

How It Works

• The attacker uses automated tools or scripts to rapidly guess login credentials or keys.

• Common targets: user login pages, encrypted files, or API keys.

• It exploits weak or simple passwords and lacks rate-limiting or account lockout protections.

 Types of Brute-Force Attacks

1. Simple Brute-Force: Tries every possible combination.

2. Dictionary Attack: Tries words from a predefined list (e.g., dictionary of common passwords).

3. Credential Stuffing: Uses known username/password pairs from previous data breaches.

4. Hybrid Attack: Combines dictionary and brute-force methods (e.g., password123).

 Risks and Impacts

• Unauthorized access to sensitive data

• Account lockouts or service disruptions

• Potential for large-scale breaches if successful

Prevention Techniques

• Enforce strong, complex passwords

• Use multi-factor authentication (MFA)

• Limit login attempts and implement account lockout policies

• Use CAPTCHA or rate-limiting

• Monitor for unusual login activity

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